Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Matusiak Mikhaylo Vasyliovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Landscape Gardening, Horticulture and Viticulture of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str.3, e-mail: mikhailo1988@gmail.com).

During the route surveys of green plantations in Vinnytsia, it has been found that the most common pathogens of fungal diseases are representatives of the order of the Erisifal, Erisiffamily, the genus of Microsphere, which affects the largest number of species of tree plants. The most common is the genus Oidium, which practically does not cause a great harm to tree plants. The degree of damage and spread of parasitic fungi is influenced by the climatic conditions.The analysis of the tree damage by wood rotsin Vinnytsia forest park and the botanical garden of «Podillia» of VNAU has showed that рhellinus pini are the most widespread on in coniferous species, while fomes fomentarius is the most common on the angiosperms, betula pendula, alnus glutinosa, acer negundo. Phellinus robustus mainly becomes the cause of the disease of common hornbean, betula pendula. осиковий трутовик is becoming and more and wide-spread. Fomitopsis pinicola, which affects betula pendula, alnus glutinosa, is becoming less common,. The most widespread among the pathogens of раневихrot is pleurotus ostreatus (32 %) and polyporus squamosus (25 %), which affect Ácer negúndo, oak, ash. Viscum album L. is widely-spread in urban plantations being a semi-parasite of higher plants, which causes significant damage to woody plants, resulting in a decrease in their aesthetic, phytomeliorative functions, causes rapid aging and dying of  wood  species.  Viscum album L. affects a significant number of the street, district  and park plantations. According to the materials of our studies, the urbogenicconditions adversely affect the growth and development of the city dendroflora. Inconsistency of the conditions of growth is reflected on the beginning and duration of the vegetation. In order to create long-lived and highly-ornamental green plantations in the city streets, squares, as well as along asphalted, crushed and compacted ground roads, in the parks and squares, first of all, it is necessary to improve the environmental conditions, i.e. to improve the soil conditions andclimate.

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